Typikon of Theotokos Petritziotissa (Backovo) by Gregorios Pakourianos

Summary:
Gregorios Pakourianos established the typikon of his monastery of the Theotokos Petritziotissa in three copies (Greek, Armenian and Georgian), and deposited a copy at Panagiou in Constantinople. It contained a large number of stipulations about the way of life of the monks who were to live there, and financial and administrative matters for the future 
Dates:
1083 December 
Georgian monks of Theotokos Petritziotissa (Anonymi 11001)
  • Gathered at the monastery of the Theotokos Petritziotissa, founded by Gregorios 61 Pakourianos at the kastron of Petritzos (:) συναθροισθέντων τε καὶ συνταχθέντων Pakourianos 113
Gregorios Pakourianos, megas domestikos (Gregorios 61)
  • Signed a copy of his typikon for the Theotokos Petritziotissa which was then deposited at the monastery of Panagiou in Constantinople, so that it can be produced in case of dispute (:) ὄπως εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς ἀπόκειται καὶ παραφυλάττεται ἐν τῇ τοιαύτῃ μονῇ Pakourianos 1860-1882
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the death of a hegoumenos or monk should be followed by the appropriate rites (:) ἐκπληροῦντας ἐπ ᾿ αὐτῷ τὴν συνήθη τάξιν Pakourianos 1384-1400
  • Stipulates in his typikon that food in the refectory should be taken in silence, foodstuffs brought by relatives and friends should be shared in the refectory, and hospitality should be extended to visitors (:) πρὸς δὲ βεβαίαν τηρείτωσαν καὶ τὴν συνήθως ἐν τῇ τραπέζῃ γενομένην ἀνάγνωσιν καὶ τὴν τερπνὴν καὶ ἐπιεικῆ σιωπήν Pakourianos 742-807
  • Created the rule of his monastery by taking the typikon of the monastery of Panagiou and adding a few things (:) τῷ καὶ παρεκβληθέντι παρ ᾿ ἡμῶν ἐκ τοῦ τυπικοῦ Pakourianos 65-66
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the dead should always be commemorated, including those outsiders who made a donation to the community for this purpose (:) Ἐκτελείσθω καὶ μνήμη πάντων τῶν ἀδελφῶν δι ᾿ ἀγρυπνίας καὶ ὁλονύκτου ψαλμωδίας καὶ ἱερᾶς λειτουργίας Pakourianos 1487-1508
  • Stipulates in his typikon that monks should only confess to their hegoumenos whom they should always obey (:) δεῖ γὰρ τὸν προεστῶτα εἰδέναι τὰς ἐνθυμίσεις πάντων Pakourianos 939-976
  • Donated to his foundation these estates together with their territory, tenures, plough oxen, crops and all revenues (:) μετὰ ... πάσης προσόδου καὶ προνομίου τούτοις ἁρμοζομένου Pakourianos 307-313
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the hegoumenos has no power to hand over one of the monastery's properties to a monk, or to sell it off to whomsoever, with the exception of its paroikoi (:) οὐδὲ διανοεῖσθαι αὐτὸ τὸ ἐκποιήσασθαι οἱῳδήτινι τρόπῳ Pakourianos 1638-1650
  • Stipulates in his typikon that if the hegoumenos does not adhere to the regulations of the community, he should be expelled and replaced by a worthy person (:) ἀντὶ τούτου τὸν ἀξιόχρεων κοινῇ ψήφῳ εἰσαγαγέτωσαν καὶ παγιασάτωσαν Pakourianos 1248-1270
  • Gave to his monastery icons, reliquary crosses, decorated Greek and Georgian gospels, church vessels, chalices and patens, polykandela, lamps, candlesticks and imperial garments received from Alexios 1 and Isaakios 61, all listed in the typikon (:) ἱερὰ εὐαγγέλια κατά τε τὴν ἑλλάδα φωνὴν καὶ γραφὴν καὶ τὴν τῶν Ἰβήρων, ἅτινα πολλοῖς πάνυ ἀναλώμασιν κατεσκευάσθη διὰ διαφόρων λίθων τε καὶ μαργάρων καὶ χειμεύσεως Pakourianos 396-426
  • Signed in Armenian the Greek version of his typikon for the monastery of the Theotokos Petritziotissa, for which Armenian and Georgian versions were also prepared (December 1083:κατὰ τὸν δεκέμβριον μῆνα τῆς ἑβδόμης ἰνδικτιῶνος ἔτους �ϚφϞβ ´) ὑπεγράφη παρ ᾿ ἐμοῦ ... διὰ ἀρμενικῶν γραμμάτων Pakourianos 1848-1849, 1859-1860
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the commemoration of his father the Prince of Princes (Anonymus 11001) Pakourianos should be held on Holy Thursday with a lavish banquet and distribution of money (:) ἐν ἱεραῖς λειτουργίαις καὶ φαιδραῖς τραπέζαις Pakourianos 1377-1380
  • Stipulates in his typikon that priests who do not fulfill their duties correctly should be replaced (:) εἰ δέ τις ἔσται θρασὺς καὶ ἀνάγωγος ἐκ τῶν ἱερατευόντων καὶ ὀλισθήσας ἀναισχύντως καὶ καιρίως, τῆς μὲν ἱερωσύνης ἀπειργέσθω, καὶ ἀντ ᾿ αὐτοῦ ταχθήτω ἕτερος Pakourianos 708-741
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the monastery's accounts should be examined twice a year, in September and Easter, and any surplus revenue should be invested in properties, to be attached to the monastery (:) Τὰ δὲ ὑπερπερισσεύσαντα τῶν δέκα λιτρῶν δότωσαν εἰς ἀγορὰν κτήματος Pakourianos 1448-1486
  • Stipulates in his typikon that there should be lamps lit every day in front of the icons and three on his tomb, while special provisions should be made for major feasts, following the traditions of the monastery of Panagiou (:) καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ τάφῳ ἡμῶν κανδήλας τρεῖς Pakourianos 883-938
  • Donated to his monastery his villages of Petritzos, Stenimachos and Gelloba, the kastron of Baniska, the proasteia of Zaoutzes and Menas, the monastery of Hagios Georgios on Mount Papikion together with its metochion and properties, and estates within the (:) ἐδωρησάμην ἀπεντεῦθεν ἐν τῷ ἰβηρικῷ μοναστηρίῳ μου τῷ ναῷ τῆς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου τῆς Πετριτζονιτίσσης Pakourianos 259-306
  • Stipulates in his typikon that six boys should be instructed at the monastery of Hagios Nikolaos by an elderly priest who should also commemorate in the liturgy his father, uncle and cousin (Anonymus 11001, Chosrienes 11001, Anonymus 11004) (:) γηραιόν τινα τῶν ἱερέων ἀρετῆς τε καὶ γνώσεως ἔμπλεων ἐπιστατεῖν αὐτῶν καὶ διδάσκειν αὐτοὺς τὰ ἱερὰ γράμματα Pakourianos 1610-1637
  • Stipulates in his typikon that his monastery and its estates should remain free from all interference by either his relations, or the legatees and executors of his bequests (:) εἰς τὸ διηνεκὲς αὐτεξούσιον αὐτὴν εἶναι βούλομαι καὶ αὐτοδέσποτον ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν ἀνωτέρω ῥηθέντων Pakourianos 1141-1247
  • Gave to his foundation all the properties mentioned in the typikon together with everything in them: plough animals, paroikoi with their animals, land, vineyards, trees, mills, lakes, kastra with their buildings (:) τὰ ταῦτα δὲ κτήματα ... σὺν τοῖς οὖσιν ἐν αὐτοῖς πᾶσιν ἁπλῶς παρεδόθησαν Pakourianos 387-396
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the liturgy on major feastdays should be celebrated in his, his brother Apasios 11001's and their parents' memory, and in his and his brother's memory on alternate Saturdays (:) πάσαις ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν γενέσθωσαν αἱ ἱεραὶ προσφοραί Pakourianos 1358-1376
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the community at his monastery should number no more and no less than fifty members plus the hegoumenos, twenty-four members fulfilling sixteen different functions (:) οὐ βούλομαι δὲ τοῦ πεντήκοντα ἀριθμοῦ εἶναι ὑποδεέστερους Pakourianos 634-707
  • Stipulates in his typikon that members of his family and Georgians who are suitable to join the community should have priority over strangers and foreigners (:) προτιμᾶσθαι τούτους ὑπὲρ τοὺς ξένους καὶ τοὺς ἐξωτερικούς Pakourianos 1434-1457
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos on August 15 should be celebrated with more splendour than any other feast (:) λίαν περισσοτέρως λαμπρύνεσθαι φιλεόρτως Pakourianos 866-882
  • Completed the construction of his monastery without using forced labour, requisitions or impositions on his paroikoi, but with his own money and effort only (:) οὐκ ἐξ ἑτέρων ἀλλοτρίων τινῶν χρημάτων ἢ ἀδικημάτων τινῶν ... ἀλλ ᾿ ἐξ ἐμῶν δικαίων καὶ ἰδιοκτήτων πόνων Pakourianos 248-256
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the first hegoumenos of his monastery, Gregorios 11002, should be commemorated after his death on the feastday of Saint Gregory the Theologian, with a banquet and distribution of money (:) τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς μνήμης αὐτοῦ κατὰ τὴν ἡμέραν τῆς λαμπρᾶς ἑορτῆς τοῦ ἁγίου Γρηγορίου τοῦ θεολόγου γίνεσθαι Pakourianos 1590-1609
  • Stipulates in his typikon that no young boys or eunuchs should be admitted to the monastery, lest they cause scandal in the community (:) οὔτε οἱᾳδήτινι προφάσει ἐῶμεν δέξασθαι τοὺς τοιούτους, ψόγου ὑπόληψιν ἔχοντας, μηδὲ δῶμεν τῇ κακίᾳ ὁδόν Pakourianos 1116-1140
  • Donated to his monastery the village of Srabikion and the kastron of Kaisaropolis with its lake, fisheries and the agridion of Glaunon, which his brother Apasios 11001 had left him in his will (:) ἐτύπωσα καὶ αὐτὸ εἰς τὸ δηλωθὲν ἡμῶν μοναστήριον Pakourianos 350-362
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the anniversary of his death should be commemorated at his monastery with a distribution of money and a lavish banquet, while on each day of the year bread should be offered in his memory to the sick and poor (:) ἐν ᾗ δὲ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ εὐδοκίᾳ Θεοῦ συμβήσεται ἡ ἐμὴ Γρηγορίου τελευτή, ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ τὸ μνημόσυνόν μου ἐκτελέσαι Pakourianos 1308-1367
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the hegoumenos should appoint a successor nominated by the community and with whom he should have no family ties; he should not own private possessions, nor have a large number of relatives who are barred from holding office (:) ἵνα μὴ γένηται ... καθηγούμενος ἔχων πολλὴν συγγένειαν Pakourianos 521-633
  • Founded the monastery of the Theotokos Petritziotissa (:) τὴν παρ ᾿ αὐτοῦ κτισθεῖσαν μονὴν τῆς ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου τῆς Πετριτζιωτίσσης Pakourianos (title), 7-8, 14, 19-21, 32
  • Stipulates in his typikon that no Greek should be appointed as priest or monk by the community, apart from a notarios (:) μηδέποτε ἐν τῇ κατ ᾿ ἐμὲ ταύτῃ ἁγίᾳ μονῇ Ῥωμαῖον πρεσβύτερον ἢ μονάζοντα ταχθῆναι Pakourianos 1418-1433
  • Stipulates in his typikon that during the three holy fasts there should be a distribution of food to the poor at the monastery's gate (:) ἐν δὲ τῷ πυλεῶνι τῆς μονῆς ἑκάστῃ ἡμέρᾳ δεῖ διατροφὰς διανεμηθῆναι τοῖς ἐν Χριστῷ ἀδελφοῖς, τουτέστι τοῖς πένησιν Pakourianos 846-865
  • Built at great expense a beautiful church dedicated to the Virgin, St John the Baptist and St George, in the northern part of the theme of Philippopolis, outside the village of Petritzos (:) ᾠκοδόμησα ... δαπανημάτων ὑπερβολῇ ἐκκλησίας τέμενος καὶ οἶκον δόξης Θεοῦ ... ὡραῖόν τε καὶ μεγαλοπρεπέστατον Pakourianos 226-234
  • Stipulates in his typikon the revenues that the hostels he had built at Stenimachos, Marmarion and near the monastery of Saint Nicholas should receive (:) μηδέποτε τὰ τοιαῦτα ξενοδοχεῖα τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς τετυπωμένων χρειῶν ὑφίστασθαι στέρησιν τὴν οἱανοῦν μερικῶς ἢ καθόλου Pakourianos 1530-1589
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the community should never be left without an administrator or a hegoumenos (:) ἐκλεκτούς τε καὶ ἐμπείρους βουλόμεθα εἶναι τοὺς ἔχοντας τὴν ἐπιτροπήν Pakourianos 1101-1115
  • Having moved to the West, he granted to his foundation the village of Prilongion with its kastra, agridia, hostels, territory and tenures, according to his brother Apasios 11001's wishes, prescribing prayers and liturgies in his memory (:) ἐτυπώσαμεν γενέσθαι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ εὐχὰς διηνεκεῖς τε καὶ ἐκτενεῖς καὶ ἱερὰς λειτουργίας Pakourianos 338-347
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the death of his brother Apasios 11001 should be commemorated with a lavish banquet at the monastery where there should be a distribution of money too, while oblations in all its estates should be offered in his memory (:) ἑτοιμασθῆναί τε πανδαισίαν λαμπρὰν καὶ παντοίων ἀγαθῶν ἐδεσμάτων πεπληρωμένην τράπεζαν τῶν θεόθεν παρασχεθέντων ἡμῖν Pakourianos 1287-1307
  • Stipulates in his typikon that everybody should have the same treatment in the monastery, obeying the hegoumenos, eating the same food, and keeping no food whatsoever in their cells; exalted persons are nevertheless allowed to have servants (:) εἴπερ ἐξ ὑψωτάτων τις τέτυχεν εἶναι ἢ ἁβροδιαίτης� τοῖς γὰρ τοιούτοις καὶ διακόνους τετάχθαι χρή Pakourianos 448-520
  • Stipulates in his typikon that no woman should ever be admitted into his monastery, except on its feastday, and that within its boundaries no couple or young children should be allowed to live nor a nunnery to be built (:) οὔτε δὲ ἀνδρόγυνον ἐν τοῖς ὁρίοις ἐκείνης παροικῆσαι, μήτε δὲ νεογνούς τινας παῖδας Pakourianos 1401-1417
  • Stipulates in his typikon that all monks should receive an allowance for the purchase of clothing items according to their rank once a year, on Easter Sunday, when a fair is held outside the monastery (:) διωρίσθη γενέσθαι πανήγυρις παρὰ τὴν εὐαγεστάτην μονήν, ἵνα πάντες τὰς χρείας αὐτῶν ἀγοράσωσιν Pakourianos 808-845
  • While still in the East, but also when he moved to the West, he wanted to found a monastery with a church that would house his sepulchre, a wish he had been unable to fulfil until now, in his old age, because of his way of life (:) κοιμητήριον εἰς ἀνάπαυσιν τῶν ἐφαμάρτων ὀστέων μου Pakourianos 201-209
  • Stipulates in his typikon that special care should be taken of the old and infirm among the community (:) ὀφείλουσι περισσοτέρως προνοεῖσθαι καὶ ἐπιμελεῖσθαι καὶ παραμυθίας τυχεῖν Pakourianos 1509-1529
  • Stipulates in his typikon that the hegoumenos should not tolerate monks who display their abstinence in public, as he was instructed at the monastery of Panagiou (:) περὶ τούτων ἀπὸ τῆς εὐαγοῦς σεβασμίας μονῆς τῶν Παναγίου προφανῶς ἐπαιδεύθημεν Pakourianos 994-1100
  • Acted according to his brother Apasios 11001's will, and had the latter's sepulchre transferred to the church that he founded (:) ἀνάγοντες τὸν τύμβον τοῦ σκηνώματος αὐτοῦ Pakourianos 327-332
  • Stipulates in his typikon that this document should not be altered in any way and that its rules should be adhered to (:) μὴ τωλμήσωσι τῶν παρ ᾿ ἐμοῦ τυπωθέντων ἐν τῇ ἡμετέρᾳ μονῇ ἀλλοιῶσαί τι Pakourianos 1651-1671
  • Stipulates in his typikon that donations from lay people for liturgies for the dead should only be accepted if they cause no harm to the community (:) Ἐκεῖνα μόνα δεῖ λαμβάνειν καὶ ἀποδέξασθαι παρὰ τῶν προσενεγκόντων τὰ δῶρα, παρ ᾿ ὧν οὐκ ἔσται πρόφασις βλάβης τῇ μονῇ οὔτε πρὸς καινοτομίαν τινά Pakourianos 1271-1286
  • Stipulates in his typikon that his foundation and all its properties should remain free and not liable to any constraints (:) διοριζόμεθα καὶ περὶ τῶν δωρηθέντων τῇ πολλάκις ῥηθείσῃ μονῇ ἀκινήτων, κινητῶν τε καὶ αὐτοκινήτων τὸ ἐλεύθερον ἔχειν καὶ πάντη ἀκαταδούλωτον Pakourianos 427-447