Ioannes II approached closer to Antioch, then withdrew to winter quarters

Summary:
From Tell Bashir, Ioannes II moved towards Antioch, taking up a position ot Gastounai with the idea of restraining Raymond of Poitiers. From there he sent messengers to Antioch, so as to activate the treaty made in 1137. He asked that Antioch and its contents be handed over as a base for war with neighbouring peoples, promising to interpret the treaty generously. The Antiochenes debated how to reply. They decided that a large and rich city like Antioch should not be handed over to the Byzantines, whose sloth would lose it, as before. But it was necessary to cloak this decision in a persuasive pretext for (apparently) breaking the pact. They sent messengers to Ioannes to inform him that he could not enter the city. They claimed that neither Raymond's wife Constance nor he (whose rule was dependent on marriage to her) had the right to hand over Antioch, which belonged to its people. If the rulers accepted Ioannes' request, they would be disinherited and driven out. Ioannes was angered at this reply, but he knew how stubborn the Antiochenes could be. It would be unexpectedly difficult to enter the city, and even if he succeeded, he might have little long-term effect. He did not want war between Christians, and so decided not to force entry into Antioch. He camped in the suburbs, allowing his troops to take all they could, especially necessary supplies, so that they burned fruit-trees as wood for cooking; he then returned to winter quarters in Cilicia 
Dates:
1142 
Constance of Antioch, daughter of Bohemond II (Constance 4002)
  • Neither she nor Raymond 17001, whose rule was dependent on marriage to her, had the right to hand over Antioch to Ioannes 2; this was the pretext used by the Antiochenes to justify breaking the pact of 1137; if the rulers proposed to give Antioch to Ioannes, they would be deposed and expelled (:) William of Tyre bk. 15, 20.19-32
Emperor Ioannes II Komnenos (Ioannes 2)
  • He did not want war between Christians, and so decided not to force entry into Antioch; he camped in the suburbs, allowing his troops to take all they could, especially necessary supplies, so that they burned fruit-trees as wood for cooking; he then returned to Cilicia (:) Niketas Choniates, Historia 39.52-40.60
  • As he sent messages on the approach to Antioch, however, he found that the westerners had no intention of helping his plans, of which they had some idea; it would be unexpectedly difficult to enter the city, and even if he succeeded, he might have little effect (:) Niketas Choniates, Historia 39.41-52
  • Because of his ulterior motive in going to Jerusalem, he tried every trick to have the Latins concede to him the lordship of Antioch, or if not (he knew of their bloody-mindedness), to win the loyalty of the Cilicians and Syrians (:) Niketas Choniates, Historia 39.36-40
  • Hearing that Raymond 17001 (of Poitiers) was in revolt, he went straight to Cilicia, with the idea of making Cilicia and Antioch with Attaleia and Cyprus into a ‘portion’ for his son Manuel 1 (:) εἰς κλῆρον ἀποδώσεσθαι τῷ Μανουήλ Kinnamos 22.22-23.3
  • From Tell Bashir he moved towards Antioch, and took up position at Gastounai; from there he sent messengers to Antioch, so as to activate the treaty made in 1137; he asked that Antioch and its contents be handed over as a base for war with neighbouring peoples; he promised to interpret the treaty generously (September 25: vicesima quinta die mensis) William of Tyre bk. 15, 19.35-46
  • He was angered at the reply he received from Antioch, which completely avoided responsibility for a sworn treaty; but he knew how stubborn the Antiochenes could be; he therefore withdrew to warmer winter quarters in Cilicia (:) William of Tyre bk. 15, 20.32-37
Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch (Raymond 17001)
  • The message of Ioannes 2 made the leaders of Antioch discuss how to reply; they decided that a large and rich city like Antioch should not be handed over to the Byzantines, whose sloth would lose it, as before; but it was necessary to cloak this decision in a persuasive pretext for (apparently) breaking the pact (:) William of Tyre bk. 15, 20.1-16
  • He and the Antiochenes sent messengers to Ioannes 2, saying that he could not enter the city: they were to plead that neither Raymond nor his wife Constance 4002 had the right to hand over Antioch, which belonged to its people; if the rulers accepted Ioannes' request, they would be disinherited and driven out (:) William of Tyre bk. 15, 20.16-32