Georgios Maniakes L X / M XI
Γεωργίου τοῦ Μανιάκη جرجس المانياكس (DO III.99.1, DO IV.69.1) (Georgios 62)
(Unspecified)
(null)
Narrative
(103)
Authorship
(null)
Death
(18)
1043 summary: at the crisis of the battle he fell dead witout a wound; a star was seen above him as he died, and he creid out that he was being killed by a horseman: it was thought he was killed by an angel
Psellos Orationes panegyricae II, 750-774
Konstantinos 9
fixed his head high up in the great hippodrome, so that all might see it even from far off in the open air and in their midst
τὴν δέ γε κεφαλὴν ἐν μετεώρῳ τοῦ μεγάλου θεάτρου πήγνυσιν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 86.10-12
As he was throwing the army into confusion - wherever he rushed the ranks were broken and the wall of the army withdrew, their unity fragmented - suddenly he was hit in the right side, not superficially but deeply, with great loss of blood
οὐκ ἐξ ἐπιπολῆς, ἀλλ᾿ εἰς βάθος, ὅθεν ἀθρόον πλεῖστον ἐκεῖθεν αἷμα κατέρρει. Psellos: Chronographia VI 84.8-15
As he was wounded in the side it was alleged that it the wound was from a lance, but the identity of the one who inflicted the wound was unknown to the time that
Michael 61
's history was written
Psellos: Chronographia VI 85.14-16
As it was impossible to prove what was said, the story was invented that unknown riders had rushed against him and beheaded him; many such tales were told, but it was impossible to prove any
ἀγνώστους τινὰς ἱππέας ἐπ᾿ ἄντην ὡρμηκότας. Psellos: Chronographia VI 85.10-13
Before the army returned to
Konstantinos 9
, his head was sent
ἡ τοῦ τυραννήσαντος ἐκπέμπεται κεφαλή. Psellos: Chronographia VI 86.6-7
Had his head chopped off when he fell off his horse during the battle at Ostrobos, and it was sent to the emperor (
Konstantinos 9
)
τέμνεται τὴν κεφαλήν. Glykas 594.16-18
Having dropped dead from his horse following an injury on the chest, his head was chopped off and carried by
Stephanos 102
to Constantinople where it was paraded on a spear through the Plateia
ἀποτέμνεται μὲν ἡ κεφαλὴ τοῦ Γεωργίου. Skylitzes 428.87-1
He died at once and lay a little outside no-man's land, and the emperor's men meantime were afraid to approach him
Zonaras 17.22.15
His head was sent by the general (
Stephanos 102
) to the emperor (
Konstantinos 9
) who raised it on high in the theatre
Zonaras 17.22.18
It was as if he did not feel the blow, but seeing the blood and putting his hand where it was pouring, he realised the blow was fatal; in complete despair trying to withdraw to his own camp he did get a little way from the armies
τοῖς ὅλοις ἀπειρηκώς, ἐπειρᾶτο μὲν ἐπὶ τὸν οἰκεῖον ἐπανίεναι χάρακα, καὶ βραχὺ δή τι τῶν στρατευμάτων ἀπῆγεν ἑαυτὸν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 84.15-19
No longer able to direct his horse, his body utterly failing and his head fainting, with a little groan as much as his strength allowed, he at once lost control of the bridle, slid from his seat and fell to the ground, a pitiful sight
θέαμα ἐλεεινὸν τῇ γῇ κατέρριπτο. Psellos: Chronographia VI 84.19-24
Seeing him and being amazed how much ground his body lay stretched over, the men cut off his head and brought it to Stephanos 102; many claimed to have killed him and accounts of it were composed and fabricated
θαυμάσαντες ὁπόσον μέρος τῆς γῆς ἐπεῖχεν ἐκτεταμένος. Psellos: Chronographia VI 85.6-10
Suddenly he was seen to be wounded with a mortal blow; the blood flowing down from it spread a great mist over him and inflicted paralysis on his limbs, so that the bridle fell from his hand and he was thrown down to the ground from his horse
Zonaras 17.22.15
Then those from the other side ran to him as he lay, and cutting off the head of the wretched man brought it to their general (
Stephanos 102
)
Zonaras 17.22.17
Was found dead among the frontline troops (?), not killed by anyone but brought down by a powerful angel
Date: in the first year of Konstantinos 9Ի մէջ ճակատուն գտին զնա անկեալ, հզօր հրեշտակի աւանդեալ զոգի նորա. Aristakes 53.2-3 (43)
When his men realised that their leader had fallen, they were seized by terror and scattered
Zonaras 17.22.16
When the Roman army saw him lying, they still held in their bridles, afraid the sight was a trick; but as
Anonymus 7013
was not there and his horse ran uncontrolled and free between the two armies, all rushed in a body on his corpse
παμπληθεὶ πάντες ὁρμήσαντες ἐπὶ τὸν νεκρόν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 85.1-6
Description
(19)
(In
Konstantinos 9
's triumphal procession) his army were not ordered, but seated backwards on asses, their heads shaved, wearing a shaming necklet of refuse; after them came his head, paraded a second time, and other belongings of his
οὐκ ἐν τάξει ... ἀλλ᾿ ἐπ᾿ ὄνων πρὸς οὐρὰν ἀντεστραμμένους καὶ ἐξυρημένους τὰς κεφαλάς, καὶ πολύν τινα συρφετὸν αἰσχύνης περὶ τὸν τράχηλον φέροντας, ἐφ᾿ οἷς ἡ τοῦ τυράννου δὶς ἐθριαμβεύετο κεφαλή, .... Psellos: Chronographia VI 87.11-17
Noble and at the peak of his skill as a general
ἀνδρὶ γενναίῳ καὶ κορυφαίῳ τὴν στρατηγικὴν τέχνην. Psellos: Chronographia VI 82.1-2
Exercised power on the frontier of the land of the Romans, residing at Samosata
որ յայնժամ ունէր զիշխանութիւն յեզերս գաւառին Հոռոմոց, որ նստէր ի քաղաքին որ կոչէր Սամուսատ. Aristakes 44.20-22 (30)
Was feared by those who had experienced his courage in battle
ἐδεδίεσαν γὰρ αὐτὸν πεῖραν τῆς αὐτοῦ ἐν πολέμοις γενναιότητος ἔχοντες. Skylitzes Continuatus 167.11-12
A courageous and illustrious man, he held the territory to the west
զոր ունէր զարևմտից կողմն, այր քաջ և անուանի. Aristakes 52.14 (43)
He relinquished his life as described, after suffering some things but having also done others that were blameworthy
ἐκεῖνος μὲν οὖν οὕτω δὴ τὰ μὲν παθών, τὰ δὲ καὶ ποιήσας τῶν κατηγορίαν ἐχόντων, τοιούτῳ δὴ τέλει τὸν βίον κατέλυσε. Psellos: Chronographia VI 86.1-3
A man with a giant's hands, quarrelsome, murderous, bold-spirited, stout-hearted and full of furious indignation
ἀνὴρ γιγαντοπάλαμος, ὀξύχειρ, ἀνδροφόντης, θρασύσπλαχνος, εὐκάρδιος, πνέων ὁρμῆς ἐκθύμου. Manasses, Chronicle 6192-6194
He, along with his actions and deeds, was destroyed by the hatred (of those who accused him of fomenting a rebellion)
ὁ φθόνος καὶ τὸν ἄνδρα καὶ τὰς πράξεις καὶ τοσοῦτον κατειργάσατο ἔργον. Attaleiates: History 9.6-7 / 7.8-9
Was entrusted with the command of the army (sent against the Arabs in Sicily)
ὁ τὴν στρατηγίαν τῶν ὅλων ἐμπιστευθείς. Attaleiates: History 9.1-2 / 7.4-5
A blood-thirsty and brave man
ἀνὴρ αἱμοχαρὴς καὶ γενναῖος. Attaleiates: History 18.16 / 15.10
Fought at the head of his troops and whoever was injured by his sword escaped with half or more of their body maimed, for he was known to be invincible and firm, a big and broad-backed man terrible in appearance but an excellent leader
μέγας ὁμοῦ καὶ εὐρύνωτος καὶ τὴν ὄψιν φοβερὸς καθιστάμενος. Attaleiates: History 19.5-10 / 15.19-16.1
He was introduced in a thoroughly black and demonised way with many biblical parallels
Psellos Orationes panegyricae II, 695-705
Everything else in him was in harmony with (his physical) characteristics, and rumour enhanced his appearance: every barbarian feared him, some by seeing and wondering at him, others by hearing tell of him and being dumbfounded
τἄλλα δὲ τῷ ἀνδρὶ συνῳδὰ τούτοις καὶ σύνδρομα, καὶ ἡ φήμη πλείων τῶν ὁρωμένων, καὶ πᾶς ἐδεδίει τὸν ἄνδρα βάρβαρος, ὁ μὲν καὶ ἰδὼν καὶ θαυμάσας, ὁ δὲ τῶν ἱστορούντων ἐκεῖνον ἀκούσας καὶ ἐκπλαγείς. Psellos: Chronographia VI 77.9-13
Was chief neighbour of
Romanos 104
at his house in the theme of the Anatolikon
τῷ κατὰ τὸ θέμα τῶν ἀνατολικῶν οἴκῳ τοῦ Μανιάκη ἀρχιτερμονῶν . Zonaras 17.22.3
Most courageous in spirit, noble in hand and skilled in generalship
τὴν ψυχὴν ἀνδρειότατος τὴν χεῖρά τε γενναιότατος καὶ στρατηγεῖν δεξιώτατος. Zonaras 17.22.2
He flourished in the time of
Michael 61
, showed the skills of generalship, and no less by military daring and experience checked barbarian attacks, wooing for the Romans freedom without danger
τὸν ... δείξαντα ὁπόσα μὲν ἡ στρατηγία δεδύνηται, οὐδὲν δὲ ἧττον καὶ στρατιωτικαῖς τόλμαις καὶ ἐμπειρίαις τὰς μὲν τῶν βαρβάρων ὁρμὰς πεδήσαντα, τοῖς δέ γε Ῥωμαίοις ἐλευθερίαν ἀκίνδυνον μνηστευσάμενον. Psellos: Chronographia VI 75.2-6
Michael 61
had seen and admired him, as nature had conferred on him all that is suited to one destined to command; he stood ten feet tall and those who looked at him looked up as if to a hill or moountain-peak
ἦν γὰρ τὴν ἡλικίαν εἰς δέκατον ἀνεστηκὼς πόδα, καὶ οἱ πρὸς αὐτὸν ὁρῶντες ὥσπερ εἰς κολωνὸν ἢ κορυφὴν ὄρους ἀνέβλεπον. Psellos: Chronographia VI 77.1-5
In appearance he was not soft nor agreeable, but like a hurricane; his voice was as thunder, his hands fit to tear down walls and crush gates of bronze, his spring like a lion's, his brow bristled
..., ἀλλ᾿ οἷον ἐοικὸς πρηστῆρι· ἐβρόντα δὲ καὶ τῷ φθέγματι, αἵ τε χεῖρες οἷαι διασεῖσαι τείχη καὶ πύλας συντρῖψαι χαλκᾶς, τὸ δὲ ὅρμημα τούτῳ ὁποῖον λέοντος, καὶ τὸ ἐπισκύνιον βλοσυρόν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 77.5-9
A warlike man who was topmost of the generals
ὡς κορυφαιοτάτῳ τῶν στρατηγῶν ἀρηίῳ ἀνδρὶ. Zonaras 17.22.7
Dignity/Office
(24)
Archegetes of Orient
ἀρχηγέτῃ τῆς ᾿Ανατολῆς.
Seal 0
Katepano of Italy
κατεπάνω Ἰταλίας. Attaleiates: History 11.19-20 / 10.1
Katepano of lower Media
κατεπάνω. Skylitzes 382.58
Katepano of Vaspourakan
κατεπάνω Βαασπρακανίας.
Seal 0
Magistros
μάγιστρον. Skylitzes 422.25
μάγιστρος. Skylitzes Continuatus 167.9
τῶν μαγίστρων. Attaleiates: History 11.19 / 10.1
magister. Annales Barenses 55.30-31
Patrikios
πατρίκιον. Skylitzes 397.50, 422.23
τὸν πατρίκιον. Attaleiates: History 11.18 / 9.21
πατρίκιος. Zonaras 17.15.3
patricio. Lupus protospatharius 58.7
πατρικίου.
Seal 0
πατρικίῳ.
Seal 0
Protospatharios
πρωτοσπαθάριος. Skylitzes 387.87
πρωτοσπαθάριος. Zonaras 17.12.13
Strategos autokrator
στρατηγὸς αὐτοκράτωρ. Skylitzes 398.92
στρατηγὸν αὐτοκράτορα τῶν ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ ταγμάτων. Skylitzes 422.25
Strategos of Longobardia
Λογγιβαρδίας στρατηγὸς. Zonaras 17.15.3
Strategos of Samosata
استراتيغوس سميساط. Yahya al-Antaki 514
στρατηγοῦ τῶν Σαμουσάτων.
Seal 0
Strategos of Telouch
τοῦ θέματος στρατηγοῦντος Τελούχ. Skylitzes 381.38-39
Strategos of the cities of the Euphrates
τῶν παρευφρατιδίων στρατηγῶν πόλεων. Skylitzes 387.87-88
τῶν παρευφρατιδίων πόλεων στρατηγῶν. Zonaras 17.12.13
Education
(null)
Ethnic label
(null)
Second Name
(15)
Maniakes
τοῦ Μανιάκη. Skylitzes 381.38
Μανιάκης. Glykas 594.8
Μανιάκης. Skylitzes Continuatus 167.8
Μανιάκης. Attaleiates: History 9.2 / 7.5
τοῦ Μανιάκη. Bryennios 269.11
ὁ Μανιάκης. Zonaras 17.12.13, 17.15.3, 17.15.4, etc.
Μανιάκης. Psellos: Chronographia VI 76.15-16
Մանեակ. Aristakes 44.20 (30)
Maniaki. Anonymus Barensis 151
Maniaki. Lupus protospatharius 58.23
Μανιάκου. Christophoros of Mitylene 65.1-6
Μανιάκῃ.
Seal 0
Μανιάκῃ.
Seal 0
-.
Seal 0
Μανιάκης. Manasses, Chronicle 6192
Kinship
(1)
son of
Goudelios 101
υἱός. Skylitzes 387.87
Language Skill
(null)
Location
(67)
Anatolikon
was a neighbour of
Romanos 104
at his house in the theme of Anatolikon τὸ θέμα τῶν ἀνατολικῶν. Zonaras 17.22.3
Bari (Apulia)
after rebelling was refused entry to Bari Barum. Lupus protospatharius 58.30-32
His self-proclaimed imperial status was not recognised at Bari Bari. Anonymus Barensis 151
Bulgaria
embarked his forces and crossed (from Italy) to Bulgaria ἐν Βουλγαρίᾳ. Skylitzes 428.76
had left Italy for Bulgaria Bulgariae. Anonymus Barensis 151
Cappadocia
presented the severed noses and ears of the Arabs he had killed to the emperor (
Romanos 3
) in Cappadocia ἐν Καππαδοκίᾳ. Skylitzes 382.56
Constantinople
was carried in chains to Constantinople τὴν βασιλίδα. Skylitzes 406.4
was to be all but driven from by
Konstantinos 9
Constantinople τῆς Πόλεως. Psellos: Chronographia VI 80.5-6
Constantinople: Agora (Forum of Constantine?)
entered triumphantly the Agora τῆς ἀγορᾶς. Attaleiates: History 20.1 / 16.12
Constantinople: Hippodrome
his head was fixed high up in the Hippodrome τοῦ μεγάλου θεάτρου. Psellos: Chronographia VI 86.10-11
his head was raised on high in Hippodrome τὸ θέατρον. Zonaras 17.22.18
Constantinople: Plateia
had his severed head paraded on a spear through the Plateia τῆς Πλατείας. Skylitzes 428.95
Dyrrachion
crossed over to Dyrrachion Durachium. Lupus protospatharius 58.33-34
Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia)
attacked and was handed the city of Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) Ἐδέσσης. Skylitzes 387.89
captured Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) Ἔδεσσα. Psellos: Chronographia VI 76.15
conquered Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) Ἐδέσης. Zonaras 17.12.13
persuaded its commander (
Salamanes 101
) to surrender the city and entered Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) الرها. Yahya al-Antaki 514
sent to the emperor (
Romanos 3
) the annual tax from Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) ἐξ Ἐδέσσης. Skylitzes 388.25
was summoned by
Ioannes 68
from Edessa (Rohas, Mesopotamia) ἐξ Ἐδέσσης. Skylitzes 397.49
Euphrates
held the office of strategos of the cities of the Euphrates τῶν παρευφρατιδίων...πόλεων. Skylitzes 387.87-88
was strategos of cities along the τῶν παρευφρατιδίων πόλεων. Zonaras 17.12.13
Italy
came from Italy Ἰταλίας. Zonaras 17.22.8
led a revolt of Italy ᾿Ιταλίαν. Psellos Orationes panegyricae II, 715-716
rebelled while governing Italy ἐκ τῆς Ἰταλικῆς ἀρχῆς. Attaleiates: History 18.17 / 15.11
rose in rebellion in Italy ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ. Glykas 594.8
was appointed by
Zoe 1
strategos autokrator of the army in Italy ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ. Skylitzes 422.25
was appointed katepano of Italy Ἰταλίας. Attaleiates: History 11.20 / 10.1
was sent by Basileios (
Michael 4
) to Italy ἐκεῖσε. Glykas 594.9
was sent to Italy Ἰταλίαν. Zonaras 17.22.2
was sent to manage the affairs of and established peace in Italy ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ. Skylitzes Continuatus 167.8
Ἰταλίαν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 78.4-6
Longibardia
was appointed general of Longibardia Λογγιβαρδίας. Zonaras 17.15.3
was sent as strategos autokrator to Longibardia ἐν Λογγιβαρδίᾳ. Skylitzes 398.91
Matera
killed 200 persons at Matera Materia. Anonymus Barensis 151
went and conducted mass executions at Matera Materiem civitatem. Annales Barenses 56.26
went and conducted mass executions at Matera Matheriem. Lupus protospatharius 58.24
Medeia
was appointed katepano of lower Medeia Μηδίας. Skylitzes 382.58
was sent to rule upper Medeia τῆς ἄνω Μηδίας. Skylitzes 397.50
Monopoli (Italy)
conducted mass executions outside the gate of Monopoli Monopoli. Anonymus Barensis 151
made an aggressive expedition to Monopoli Monopolim. Annales Barenses 56.30
went to harry Monopoli Monopolim. Lupus protospatharius 58.23-24
Oria
by remaining shut in Taranto, deflected the Normans to the territory of Oria Oriae. Annales Barenses 55.42
Orient
was archegetes of Orient ᾿Ανατολῆς.
Seal 0
Ostrobos (Bulgaria)
defeated the army of
Stephanos 102
at Ostrobos (Bulgaria) κατὰ τὸν λεγόμενον Ὀστροβόν. Skylitzes 428.84
fought and fell in battle at Ostrobos (Bulgaria) τῷ Ὀστροβῷ. Glykas 594.15
Otranto (Apulia)
received the imperial delegation at Otranto (Apulia) Odronto. Anonymus Barensis 151
Remata (Sicily )
annihilated 50,000 African troops at Remata (Sicily ) Ῥήματα. Skylitzes 403.26
Samosata (on Euphrates)
held office with residence at Samosata (on Euphrates) Սամուսատ. Aristakes 44.22 (30)
resided at Samosata (on Euphrates) ἐν Σαμοσάτῳ. Skylitzes 387.88
was strategos of Samosata (on Euphrates) سميساط. Yahya al-Antaki 514
was strategos of Samosata Σαμουσάτων.
Seal 0
Serbia
rose in rebellion and crossed to Serbia εἰς Σερβίαν. Glykas 594.10-11
Sicily
brought under Roman hegemony Sicily Σικελίαν. Zonaras 17.15.6
fortified and garrisoned the cities of Sicily τῆς νήσου. Skylitzes 406.9-10
reached, fought at and captured Sicily τὴν Σικελίαν. Skylitzes 403.22
was sent to and arrived at Sicily Σικελίαν. Zonaras 17.15.3-4
was sent to take Sicily Σικελίαν. Psellos: Chronographia VI 76.15-16
with
Michael 108
Spondyles he crossed the strait to Sicily Sicilia. Lupus protospatharius 58.7
with
Michael 108
Spondyles he set sail for Sicily Sicilia. Anonymus Barensis 149
Tara (Serbia)
made his camp at Tara Tara. Annales Barenses 55.33
Taranto (Italy)
arrived in Italy at Taranto Tarentum. Annales Barenses 55.30
arrived in S Italy at Taranto Tarentum. Lupus protospatharius 58.22
at the arrival of the Normans, shut himself in Taranto Tarentum. Annales Barenses 55.38
Telouch (near Germanikeia)
served as strategos of the theme of Telouch (near Germanikeia) Τελούχ. Skylitzes 381.39
Thessalonike
pitched his camp two days away from Thessalonike τῆς Θεσσαλονίκης. Attaleiates: History 18.22 / 15.15
Vaspurakan
was katepano of Vaspurakan Βαασπρακανίας.
Seal 0
Occupation/Vocation
(null)
Possession
(1)
Estates in the theme of Anatolikon abutting those of
Romanos 104
Skleros
κατὰ τὸ θέμα τῶν Ἀνατολικῶν τὰς οἰκήσεις ἔχων καὶ Ῥωμανῷ γειτονῶν τῷ Σκληρῷ. Skylitzes 427.57-58
Religion
(null)
Eunuchs
(null)
Alternative Name
(null)