Frederick Barbarossa captured Milan & interfered in papal affairs: only Manuel opposed him
Unit appears in:
MANUEL I (1143-1180) (1161-1180)
1162
Summary:
Dates:
1162
Pope Alexander III (
Alexandros 23
)
Was deposed by
Frederick 51
in favour of
Ottaviano 17001
, but later was to be restored by
Manuel 1
(But this was later on:ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ὕστερον)
Kinnamos 228.22-229.15
Was addressed (probably) by
Ioannes 17001
in an excursus on the invalidity of the power of popes and western emperors, over the dispute with
Frederick 51
and the claim that he had accepted the Byzantine position in a letter to
Manuel 1
(:)
Kinnamos 219.17-220.24
Frederick III of Swabia, later Frederick I Barbarossa, western emperor (
Frederick 51
)
His power increased because of innovations, especially financial changes; captured Milan, defeated the Ligurians (Lombards) and others at increasing distances, and even conquered Rome, requiring reaction from
Manuel 1
(:)
χρημάτων μεταποίηται Kinnamos 228.3-13
After capturing Rome, he replaced the pope (
Alexandros 23
) with
Ottaviano 17001
, claiming imperial status: popes are usually appointed by synods, but he made an appointment and confirmed it by a synod. Only
Manuel 1
had the strength to resist (:)
Kinnamos 228.22-229.4
His dispute with the pope (
Alexandros 23
) was probably referred to in a tirade addressed by
Ioannes 17001
Kinnamos to an anonymus pope about the invalidity of the power of popes and western emperors (:)
Kinnamos 219.17-220.24
Ioannes Kinnamos (John Cinnamus) the historian (
Ioannes 17001
)
Claims to have seen a signed papal letter, probably from Alexander III (
Alexandros 23
) accepting the Byzantine position over the rival claims of popes and the eastern and western empires (:)
κἂν αὐτὸς ἀρνηθείης, ἀλλ᾿ αἱ βίβλοι κηρύττουσιν αἳ τὰ γράμματά σου τῷ ἐδαφίῳ μετεδέξαντο Kinnamos 220.17-20
Victor IV, antipope (
Ottaviano 17001
)
Was appointed by
Frederick 51
to replace pope
Alexandros 23
(:)
Kinnamos 228.22-229.1