Desperate but successful struggle by Baldwin III & the army of Jerusalem to reach home

Summary:
As the army left Bostra for home, Baldwin III refused to escape himself with the Cross, leaving the army in mortal peril, showing his character. The hardships of this journey were doubled, as there was now no hope of success. Mu'in al-Din Anar summoned Nur al-Din to help him attack them. Orders were given to carry all Christian dead and wounded with them, puzzling the Turks as to why, for all their efforts, no corpses were found. The enemy then burned bushes upwind of Baldwin's army. As the smoke and flame approached, the people begged Robert, bishop of Nazareth, for help: he raised the Cross and prayed, and at once the wind blew back towards the enemy. But as enemy attacks continued, Latin leaders realised that the army's endurance was at an end. Baldwin was persuaded to seek a truce from Anar at almost any price, provided the army escaped. He sent as envoy a Turkish speaker suspected of treachery on a previous mission. He claimed innocence, swearing that if guilty of the charges he should perish by a Turkish sword without returning; he condemned himself to death, for he was soon killed. Four Arab chieftains were prominent among the enemy, at first safe from retaliation becuse the Latins were absolutely forbidden from breaking ranks. But a Turk in the service of Altuntash knew no French and was ignorant of the rules. He rushed forward in grave danger, killed one of the chieftains and returned safely, breaking the enemy line on that side. The whole army wondered who he was: when they found he was a foreigner, they could praise him without punishing him. Baldwin refused an invitation from Anar to a meal at the dangerous defile of Cavea Roob, and from there the army was led by a mysterious guide, who reduced the journey time. They were soon home, able to rest. Baldwin restored the Cross to Jerusalem amid great joy 
Dates:
1147 
Mu'in al-Din Anar, vizier of Damascus (Anar 101)
  • As the army of Jerusalem withdrew from Bostra, Anar summoned Nur al-Din 4001 to help him attack it; a peace mission to him via Anonymus 1013 failed; as they decided to avoid Cavea Roob, a dangerous valley, he invited Baldwin 53 to a meal there, as he was probably hungry; the invitation was refused (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.33-41
four splendid Arab chiefs, sons of the famous Merel (?) (Anonymi 209)
  • As the army of Jerusalem returned home from Bostra, they were persistently attacked on the flanks by four Arab brothers; because the Latin troops were ordered, on the sanction of cruel penalties, not to break their lines, the four were safe from retaliation, until one of them, Anonymus 1014, was killed (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.17-30
Turkish-speaking messenger from Baldwin III to Mu'in al-Din Anar (Anonymus 1013)
  • He was chosen to seek peace from Anar 101, despite suspicions of treachery on a previous mission; he claimed innocence, swearing that if guilty of the charges made he should perish by a Turkish sword without returning; thus he condemned himself to death, for he was killed without performing his task (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.5-16
one of four Arab chieftains, who was killed (Anonymus 1014)
  • After fighting well, as one of Anonymi 209, he was killed by Anonymus 1015, whose ignorance of French meant that he did not know that he was forbidden to break ranks; the Turk rushed at him, exposing himself to grave danger, threw his spear, then killed him with his sword and returned safely to his place (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.23-30
  • His death caused great grief and confusion in the enemy ranks, allowing Baldwin 53 and the army of Jerusalem to spread out on that side of the battlefield, and to break out from the narrow space in which they had been confined, moving on more easily back to Cavea Roob (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.30-46
Turk in service of Altuntash (Anonymus 1015)
  • He broke rules of battle set for the army of Jerusalem, which forbad men to leave the ranks; he reacted againt the aggression of Anonymi 209, rushed forward, putting himself in grave danger, threw his spear at Anonymus 1014, then killed him with his sword, causing confusion in the enemy ranks (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.22-41
  • His feat caused great curiosity among the Latins, since his indiscipline should have incurred a heavy penalty, but his success had brought great gain for the army; it was discovered that he was a foreigner who did not know French, and so his breaking of the rules was pardoned because of its outcome (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.33-41
Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem (Baldwin 53)
  • He refused advice to escape himself with the Cross, leaving the army in mortal peril, prefiguring his later sense of duty; the hardships of the return journey were doubled, as there was now no hope of success; Nur al-Din 4001 from Bostra joined the enemy at Anar 101's invitation, to stop the retreat (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 10.50-11.
  • Orders were given to advance with all Christian dead and wounded carried on beasts of burden, puzzling the Turks as to why no corpses were found; the enemy then tried burning bushes upwind of Baldwin's army, but the wind was turned back by Robert 106 and the Cross, giving respite to the Christians (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 11.6-48
  • As enemy attacks continued, experienced military men realised that the army's endurance was coming to an end; Baldwin was thus persuaded to seek a truce from Anar 101 at almost any price, provided the army escaped; he sent Anonymus 1013, but he was killed by the Turks without completing his mission (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 12.1-17
  • As his army approached home, Turkish attacks redoubled; but there appeared a mysterious, unknown guide, who led them by a very swift route, disappearing once they camped; the army could soon break ranks, get some rest, and go home; Baldwin restored the Cross to Jerusalem amid great joy (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 13.6-29
Nur al-Din al-Malik al-'Adil of Aleppo (Nur al-Din 4001)
  • He seems to have been near Bostra when Baldwin 53 and the army of Jerusalem reached there; at the invitation of Anar 101, he joined the attempt to prevent the army reaching home (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 11.1-6
Robert, archbishop of Nazareth (Robert 106)
  • As the army of Jerusalem returned from Bostra, the Turks burned the bushes so that fire and smoke bore down on them; the people begged Robert for help, and he raised the Cross and prayed; at once the wind changed direction, and sent the flames back on the Turks, giving the Christians some respite (:) William of Tyre bk. 16, 11.20-48