Baldwin III, king of Jerusalem E / M XII
Balduino ملك الافرنج (cf. Varzos 142-II.327) (Baldwin 53)
(Unspecified)
(null)
Narrative
(126)
Authorship
(null)
Death
(2)
Died childless, leaving power to his brother (
Amalric 51
)
ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἠφάνιστο. Kinnamos 237.7-9
He died after several months of illness, probably resulting from some medicine he took to prepare him for the winter; it probably contained poison, as when the pills were administered to a dog, it died some days later
... cuidam date canicule mortem sibi infra paucos dies propinaverunt. William of Tyre bk. 18, 34.1-14
Description
(6)
Was treated by
Manuel 1
in a way worthy of the throne of David
ἀξίως τοῦ Δαβὶδ θρόνου. Kinnamos 185.11
He was the third Baldwin to be king of Jerusalem
dominus Balduinus tercius. William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.2
As a youth, his great natural ability gave promise of his later excellent character; he was handsome, dignified, intelligent and pre-eminent as a speaker; he was tall, well-proportioned, with a healthy colour like
Melisende 4002
and even
Baldwin 52
; he had rather prominent eyes, yellowish hair and full beard
William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.7-22
He was neither thin like
Melisende 4002
nor plump like
Amalric 51
; he had good manners, was generous to a fault, pious, with an excellent memory so that he greeted all by their names, very popular, blunt but accepting others' bluntness, a womaniser as a youth, then a faithful husband, abstemious in food and drink
William of Tyre bk. 16, 2.1-57
A young man of excellent character
inclitae indolis adulescens. William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.38-39
he was a charming man, who became and would remain a favourite with the Byzantine nobles ... he was shrewd and determined, with a sharp eye for secular affairs
vir gratiosus erat ... vir argumentosus erat et oculum in secularibus habens perspicacem. William of Tyre bk. 18, 24.33-40
Dignity/Office
(8)
Gambros of the emperor
ἐπιγαμβρευθέντα. Manganeios Prodromos 10.194
King of Jerusalem
ῥήγα τε τὸν Παλαιστίνης. Kinnamos 126.9-10, 183.14-15, 237.8
ملك الافرنج. Usama 10
regnare cepit. William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.6-7
rex. William of Tyre bk. 16, 6.9
Ierosolimorum rex. William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.38
τὸν ῥῆγα ... τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων. Manganeios Prodromos 10.192
ὃς ἦρχε τῆς Παλαιστίνης. Niketas Choniates, Historia 141.92-93
Education
(null)
Ethnic label
(1)
Italian? (Of Italian origin)
τὸ γένος ἕλκων ἐξ Ἰταλῶν. Niketas Choniates, Historia 141.93
Second Name
(null)
Kinship
(24)
brother of
Amalric 51
ἀδελφόν. Kinnamos 237.10, 250.13-14
fratre. William of Tyre bk. 18, 24.2
frater. William of Tyre bk. 19, 1.4
brother of
Sibylla 101
(sororis). William of Tyre bk. 19, 4.6
elder brother of
Amalric 51
(fratrem puerulum). William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.3
(fratri suo adolescenti). William of Tyre bk. 17, 30.58
brother-in-law of
Thierry 4001
(sororius). William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.34
first cousin of
Constance 4001
(consobrina). William of Tyre bk. 17, 26.7
cousin (first) on his mother's side of
Raymond 17002
(they were sons of sisters)
consobrinus. William of Tyre bk. 21, 5.32
grandson of
Baldwin 52
(avo). William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.19
half-brother of
Sibylla 101
(sororius). William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.34
husband of
Theodora 17002
ξυνοικῶν. Kinnamos 237.8, 250.12-13
σύνευνον. Niketas Choniates, Historia 141.92
kin of
Maria 63
(consobrinarum). William of Tyre bk. 18, 30.40
kin of
Melisende 17001
(consobrinarum). William of Tyre bk. 18, 30.40
kin of
Constance 4002
(consanguinei). William of Tyre bk. 17, 18.30
son of
Fulk 4001
puero. William of Tyre bk. 13, 28.7
(liberis). William of Tyre bk. 15, 27.41
son of
Melisende 4002
puero. William of Tyre bk. 13, 28.7
filius. William of Tyre bk. 16, 1.3
(mater). William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.39
nati sunt. William of Tyre bk. 19, 4.36
uncle of
Baldwin 54
(nepoti). William of Tyre bk. 18, 29.50
patruus. William of Tyre bk. 19, 4.4
Language Skill
(null)
Location
(42)
'Ayn Tab (Syria)
Found refuge for the first night of his march from Tell Bashir at 'Ayn Tab; Hantab. William of Tyre bk. 17, 17.12
Acre
after the battle of Jacob's Ford, he reappeared at Acre Acconensem urben. William of Tyre bk. 18, 14.45
As his parts of a divided Palestine, chose the areas surrounding Tyre and Acre Tyrensem et Acconensem. William of Tyre bk. 17, 14.7
robbed the ship carrying
Usama 101
's family as it passed Acre عكّا. Usama 34-35
Aleppo/Beroia
made a damaging attack on Aleppo Aleppo τῶν Βερροιαίων. Kinnamos 290.10-13
Antioch (on the Orontes)
after the battle of Inab, rushed northwards to Antioch ad partes Antiochenas. William of Tyre bk. 17, 10.42-43
after the capture of
Renaud 17001
, rushed north to Antioch partes ... Antiochenas. William of Tyre bk. 18, 30.14
completed negotiations for the marriage of
Maria 63
at Antioch partes ... Antiochenas. William of Tyre bk. 18, 31.50
discussed
Manuel 1
's plans for Edessa with his envoys at Antioch Antiochiam. William of Tyre bk. 17, 16.11-12
he took medicine, probably containing poison, at Antioch Antiochiam. William of Tyre bk. 18, 34.24-31
played several roles in Byzantine celebrations at Antioch (on the Orontes) ᾿Αντιοχέων. Kinnamos 185.7-188.2
was asked by its citizens for support for Antioch (on the Orontes) ᾿Αντιοχείας. Kinnamos 237.14-16
Antioch: Iron Bridge
he rebuilt the castle at the Iron Bridge Pons Ferri. William of Tyre bk. 18, 32.3
Askalon
began a campaign to damage the orchards round the city of Askalon Ascalonitas. William of Tyre bk. 17, 21.5
ended his campaign against Askalon by triumphantly forcing the citizens to surrender the place civitatis. William of Tyre bk. 17, 30 tit
Banyas (Paneas)
saved Banyas from
Nur al-Din 4001
urbem Paneadensem. William of Tyre bk. 18, 12.30-15.47
Beirut
when he realised he would not survive, he had himself carried to Beirut, where he died Beritum. William of Tyre bk. 18, 34.22
Bostra (south of Damascus)
marched his army in difficult conditions to Bostra (south of Damascus) and back Bostrensem metropolim. William of Tyre bk. 16, 10.5
Cavea Roob
on his way from Jerusalem to Bostra and back, in both directions passes Cavea Roob Caveam Roob. William of Tyre bk. 16, 9.13, bk. 16, 12.44
Damascus
was one of the leaders of the crusader attack on Damascus Damascus. William of Tyre bk. 17, 3.1-26
Daria (near Damascus)
at Daria, the Latin leaders drew up their forces in battle formation Dariam. William of Tyre bk. 17, 3.15
Gaza
organised the rebuilding as a castle of the ancient city of Gaza Gazam. William of Tyre bk. 17, 12.17
Harim
the fortress which he and his fellow leaders captured was probably Harim Harenc. William of Tyre bk. 18, 19.tit
to increase Antiochene morale, made an attack on Harim Harenc. William of Tyre bk. 17, 10.47
Jacob's Ford (on the Jordan)
He lost a battle at Jacob's Ford Vadum Iacob. William of Tyre bk. 18, 13.51
Jerusalem
his negotiations on the marriage of
Melisende 17001
began in Jerusalem regnum. William of Tyre bk. 18, 30.32
planned to be crowned in Jerusalem on Easter Day Ierosolimis. William of Tyre bk. 17, 13.41
was king of Jerusalem Ierosolimorum. William of Tyre bk. 17, 1.38
Jerusalem: Holy Sepulchre
his funeral was in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre ecclesia Dominici Sepulchri. William of Tyre bk. 18, 34.25
Jerusalem: Tower of David
besieged
Melisende 4002
in the citadel (Tower of David) arcem. William of Tyre bk. 17, 14.49
Mirabel
captured
Manasses 102
in his castle at Mirabel Mirabel. William of Tyre bk. 17, 14.27
Nablus
He captured Nablus soon after
Melisende 4002
left Neapoli. William of Tyre bk. 17, 14.29-30
Palestine
was king of Palestine Παλαιστίνης. Kinnamos 126.9-10, 183.14-15
Puthaha (Transjordan)
won a hard-fought battle at Puthaha Puthaha. William of Tyre bk. 17, 21.46
Safed (near the Jordan)
took refuge in defeat at the fortress of Safed Sephet. William of Tyre bk. 18, 14.7
Shayzar (Cesarea Magna)
was one of the leaders of the unsuccessful Christian attack on Shayzar Cesara. William of Tyre bk. 18, 18.1
Tell Bashir
marched to bring Latin and Armenian refugees safely from Tell Bashir Turbessel. William of Tyre bk. 17, 16.37-38
Tiberias (Palestine)
left Banyas to return to Tiberias Tyberiadem. William of Tyre bk. 18, 13.24
ordered his army to meet at Tiberias Tyberiadem. William of Tyre bk. 16, 8.27
Tripoli (Palestine)
tried to promote the marriage of
Melisende 17001
at Tripoli Tripolim. William of Tyre bk. 18, 31.32
when he realised he was seriously ill, he came south to Tripoli Tripolim. William of Tyre bk. 18, 34.19
Tyre (Palestine)
As his parts of a divided Palestine, chose the areas surrounding Tyre and Acre Tyrensem et Acconensem. William of Tyre bk. 17, 14.7
Occupation/Vocation
(null)
Possession
(null)
Religion
(null)
Eunuchs
(null)
Alternative Name
(null)