Raymond saw Manuel riding with heavy weapons & a flag, & suspected a trick

Summary:
When Raymond of Poitiers visited Constantinople, he saw the emperor Manuel I riding with a heavy spear fitted with a massive flag and a shield, and thought there was a trick involved. Manuel in fact was improving Byzantine weapons and training, with long shields, lances and mock battles on horseback with blunt weapons, in which he took part himself. Raymond approached Manuel and asked to hold his weapons, realised they were as heavy as they looked, and expressed amazement 
Dates:
1145 
Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (Manuel 1)
  • Improved Byzantine weapons and training, with long shields, lances and mock battles on horseback with blunt weapons, and took part himself with a huge lance fitted with a vast flag in eight parts, which impressed Raymond 17001 (of Poitiers) (:) ὀκτώποδα Kinnamos 125.2-22
Raymond of Poitiers, prince of Antioch (Raymond 17001)
  • When visiting Constantinople he saw the emperor Manuel 1 riding with a heavy spear and shield, and thought there was a trick involved; he approached Manuel and asked to hold them, realised the truth, and expressed amazement (:) Kinnamos 125.18-22