The French & the Byzantine money-changers

Summary:
Buying of food and changing of money took place on ships, where the money-changers' tables were full of cash and objects in precious metals often sold by crusaders in exchange for Byzantine currency. A Flemish robber saw this, and was inflamed by greed for the wealth on display. With like-minded men, he seized objects of value and began a riot, forcing the Byzantine money-changers to flee for their lives, taking with them on the ships some crusaders who were bargaining for necessities. These were manhandled in revenge. Louis faced a complete breakdown in the provision of food. He demanded the guilty Fleming from the Count of Flanders, received him and hung him on the spot in full view of the City. He then had to deal with the money-changers and the captured crusaders. He demanded the return of everything stolen from the Byzantines, promising to pardon those who complied and hang those who did not. To avoid scaring the thieves, he asked for things to be returned to the bishop of Langres. The next day the money-changers returned, and received all they swore they had lost, Louis himself making up the shortfall. He sent envoys to Manuel I, Arnulf of Lisieux and Bartholomaios the Chancellor, to ask for the return of the captured crusaders and the renewal of a market. Arnulf and Bartholomaios went early to Manuel's palace, but were not seen that day, receiving neither food nor beds. In an audience the next day they found Manuel much less tractable than previously. Arnulf spoke with enough eloquence to persuade anyone but the poisonous snake Manuel had become, and succeeded in part: a market (albeit a scanty one) was provided, redress discussed for pilgrims who had lost possessions, and further meetings planned. But Arnulf had to leave as he was faint through lack of food 
Dates:
1147 
Flemish robber of Byzantine money-changers (Anonymus 991)
  • He observed the bartering on ships in which Byzantine money-changers gave cash for the purchase of food, often in exchange for objects in precious metals carried by the crusaders; he was inflamed with cupidity for the money and valuable objects on display, and incited others to seize them and start a riot (:) Odo of Deuil 74
  • His actions stopped the money-changing and the market; the Byzantines fled for their lives, taking with them on the ships some innocent crusaders, who were beaten in revenge; Louis 101, faced with a lack of food, demanded the guilty Fleming from Theobald 101 and hung him, in full view of the City (:) Odo of Deuil 74
Arnulf, bishop of Lisieux (Arnulf 102)
  • He was sent by Louis 101 with Bartholomaios 116 as envoy to Manuel 1, to ask the emperor for the return of the persons and possessions of the crusaders captured in the riot over the money-changers, and to request the renewal of a market for food (:) Odo of Deuil 74-76
  • He (with Bartholomaios 116) was told by Louis 101 to go early to visit Manuel 1; but the emperor did not see them that day, and they were given no food or beds; the next day they were given an audience, but found Manuel much less tractable than in their previous friendly contacts (:) Odo of Deuil 76
  • He spoke to Manuel 1 with sufficient eloquence to persuade anyone but the poisonous snake he had become, and succeeded in part: a market (albeit a scanty one) was provided for the army, redress discussed for pilgrims who had lost possessions, and further interviews planned; but Arnulf had to leave through lack of food (:) Odo of Deuil 76
Bartholomew, chancellor of Louis VII (Bartholomaios 116)
  • He was sent by Louis 101 with Arnulf 102 as envoy to Manuel 1, to ask the emperor for the return of the persons and possessions of the crusaders captured in the riot over the money-changers, and to request the renewal of a market for food (:) Odo of Deuil 74-76
Godfrey, bishop of Langres (Godfrey 101)
  • He was to receive the return of goods stolen from the Byzantine money-changers, so that the thieves should not hide the items because scared by the thought of handing them to Louis 101 (:) Odo of Deuil 74
Louis VII, king of France (Louis 101)
  • After the crimes of Anonymus 991, he faced complete breakdown in the provision of food; he demanded the guilty Fleming from Theobald 101 and received him, then hung him in full view of Constantinople, compensated the robbed Byzantines and recovered the crusaders captured in retaliation (:) Odo of Deuil 74
  • He demanded return of what had been stolen, promising to pardon those who complied and hang those who did not; to avoid scaring the thieves, he asked for the objects to be returned to Godfrey 101; the next day the money-changers were recalled, and given all they swore they had lost, Louis himself making up the shortfall (:) Odo of Deuil 74
  • He sent two envoys to Manuel 1, Arnulf 102 and Bartholomaios 116, to ask the emperor for the return of the crusaders captured in the riot over the money-changers and their lost possessions, and to request the renewal of a market for food (:) Odo of Deuil 74
Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (Manuel 1)
  • When Louis 101's envoys, Arnulf 102 and Bartholomaios 116, came to discuss the crusaders who suffered in the riot over the money-changers, he made them wait a day without food or beds, only granting an audience well into the next day (:) Odo of Deuil 76
  • At their meeting he was much more intractable than before; however he did grant some requests, restoring a limited market, discussing means of recompense for crusaders' losses, and planning future meetings with Louis 101; but Arnulf 102 had to leave, because he was faint for lack of food (:) Odo of Deuil 76
Theobald, count of Flanders (Theobald 101)
  • When a Fleming in his company stole from Byzantine money-changers and started a riot which endangered the continuation of a market in food, Louis 101 demanded that he hand the man over for punishment; he did so, and he was immediately hanged (:) Odo of Deuil 74