Certainty: 2 Ioannes II appointed his son Alexios co-emperor, & his other three sons sebastokrators Certainty: 2
1130
Certainty: 1 Manuel (I) saw a vision of the Theotokos offering him purple buskins, & other omens Certainty: 1
1133
Certainty: 2 In the triumph for Kastamon, only an icon of the Theotokos rode in the chariot Certainty: 2
1135
Certainty: 3 Ioannes II was praised in Christmas hymns for recovering Kastamon & Gangra Certainty: 3
1136
Certainty: 3 Epiphany hymns (probably of this year) with polychronia for Ioannes II & his sons Certainty: 3
1139
Certainty: 2 Celebrations after the return of Ioannes II from Syria & Cilicia Certainty: 2
1140
Certainty: 2 Ioannes II praised his son, Manuel (I), for bravery but thrashed him for rashness Certainty: 2
1141
Certainty: 1 Fragmentary text (by Basilakes?) mentions naval activity against Sicily
A fragment attributed to Nikephoros Basilakes described a revival of the Byzantine navy against Roger II, rather like that undertaken by Manuel I. However the description of the emperor's career would fit better with that of Ioannes II (though the differences are not conclusive). Roger was warned of the consequences of any attack. There is a reference to a close male colleague, who is probably Ioannes Axouch
1142
Certainty: 2 Ioannes II planned a "portion" in the south for his son Manuel (I) Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Bertha von Sulzbach on arrival spoke prophetically about Alexios the co-emperor Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Determination of Ioannes II to continue his campaign to Antioch & visit Jerusalem Certainty: 2
1143
Certainty: 3 Mortal injury of Ioannes II when hunting
He camped in a broad ravine under the Crows' Nests mountains. From there he went hunting and killed a boar with his spear. But the impact was such that he could not stop his hand being forced against poisoned arrows in his quiver. One pierced his fingers, the poison got into his bloodstream and would affect his vital organs and eventually kill him. At the time, however, he made light of it, staunching the blood and pus with a piece of leather. That evening he ate and slept well, but the next day the wound began to swell and throb painfully. His doctors replaced the dressing and used new ointments, but to no avail; so they tried surgery. Lancing the wound brought no relief, but the swelling spread to his hand, wrist and arm, making him and the doctors desperate. He vetoed a plan to amputate his arm with no certainty of saving him. He lay in agony, ignoring disputes over treatment. On Easter Sunday after communion and on Monday the tent was left open for petitioners, at the suggestion of Ioannes Axouch, and the banquet was distributed to everyone; as it rained heavily, the emperor's bed was moved to a dry spot while he pondered the succession, finding bad omens in the Oracles of Leo the Wise. A monk from Pamphylia was asked to hold a vigil
Certainty: 3 Deathbed speech of Ioannes II, bequeathing the throne to Manuel (I) Certainty: 3
Certainty: 2 Accession of Manuel I Komnenos
When Ioannes II indicated his preference with a long speech, the assembled elite in Cilicia and the army at once accepted Manuel. Ioannes crowned him and he wept as he accepted the symbols of rule and put on imperial costume. The ceremony at Mopsuestia was stage-managed by the megas domestikos, Ioannes Axouch, to try to discourage other candidates - especially those married into the Komnenian family - and their supporters. Manuel was acclaimed and allegiance to him pledged by each aristocrat in turn, with his retainers. He was to reign for 37 years, 5 months and 23 days. He at once sent Axouch and Basileios Tzintziloukes to manage affairs in the capital
Certainty: 2 Ioannes II's body was loaded on shipboard at Mopsuestia & buried splendidly in the Pantokrator Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I discouraged the Antiochenes & marched home through Turkish territory Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Dismay at the death of Ioannes II with the army so far from the capital Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I's agents imprisoned his brother Isaakios & conciliated others Certainty: 2
Certainty: 3 Manuel I entered Constantinople Certainty: 3
Certainty: 2 Later epitaph for Ioannes II recording the succession of Manuel I Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I was conciliatory both to Isaakios (his uncle) & Isaakios (his brother) Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I appointed Michael Kourkouas as patriarch, & was crowned by him
Manuel consulted widely among the imperial family, the senate and the high clergy on the choice of a new patriarch to replace the deceased Leon Stypes. Though there were many good candidates, the almost unanimous first choice for virtue and religious education was Michael Kourkouas from the monastery of Oxeia. When Michael was hesitant in accepting the charge, the Theotokos showed a physical sign of approval by moving her robe. As soon as he was installed, Michael crowned Manuel, anointing his own anointer. Manuel gave the clergy a kentenarion as a donative and offered two kentenaria per year as "second money". The mystic marriage of the patriarch with the church was celebrated by Michael Italikos with an encomium in the form of an epithalamion. There followed many ceremonies, bringing much joy and benefit to the empire
Certainty: 2 Roger II again asked for a Byzantine bride for his son, bribed the Byzantine ambassador, but failed Certainty: 2
1144
Certainty: 2 A successful expedition was sent under 4 generals to take revenge on Raymond of Antioch Certainty: 2
1145
Certainty: 3 Manuel I confirmed grants of paroikoi to Theologos of Patmos & to its other properties Certainty: 3
Certainty: 2 Raymond was forced to supplicate Ioannes II's tomb before Manuel forgave him Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Raymond saw Manuel riding with heavy weapons & a flag, & suspected a trick Certainty: 2
1146
Certainty: 2 Despite the death of his eldest sister Maria, Manuel fortified Melangeia, to stop Turkish attacks on Bithynia Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Violent quarrel among Komnenian family members at Metabole Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I married Bertha von Sulzbach (Eirene) Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel's successful raid from Lopadion could not prevent a major Turkish invasion of Thrakesion
The Turks had broken the truce by capturing Prakana and other places. Manuel therefore made a sudden raid from Lopadion, reached Pithekas where he had built a fort, but was unwell for one night; his generals, however, defeated the enemy nearby, gaining booty. It was now plain that the Turks were making a major assault on the theme of Thrakesion. To counter this, Manuel sent Theodoros Kontostephanos, but he was too late to achieve much, since he had not gathered an army before the Turks arrived. Their invasion reached as far as Kelbianon, not far from the sea.Manuel now began to plan a full-scale attack on Ikonion
Certainty: 2 Tzetzes wrote a petition to Manuel I in favour of Kosmas II
Tzetzes wrote to Osteos the protopsaltes, whom he judged to be a supporter of the patriarch Kosmas II. He enclosed with the letter a petition to Manuel I, asking Osteos to pass the petition on to Manuel and ensure that it was read to him by one of his grammatikoi who did not belong to the anti-Kosmas faction. The petition reminded Manuel that the appointment of a patriarch was a collegiate act, together with the synod and senate, not to be overturned by envious and embittered place-seekers among the ecclesiastics. It also warned him that Kosmas' opponents were gathering priests of the worst type to drive him illegally from office. Manuel was urged to intervene like a Komnenian and ensure their poisonous activities achieved no success
Certainty: 2 Angry at Turkish aggression, Manuel challenged the Sultan of Ikonion: the challenge was accepted Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel I made a bold attack on the sultan at Ikonion (general factoids) Certainty: 2
Certainty: 2 Manuel routed near Akrounos a Turkish detachment sent against him: the Sultan quickly fled
Mas'ud, sultan of Ikonion, remained at Philomelion, sending a detachment of his forces only to meet Manuel I, who crossed Lydia and saved the cities of Phrygia and by the river Maiander from impending danger by frightening the Turks and driving them off. A larger battle took place at Mount Kalograia near Akrounos, and the Byzantines crushed the sultan's contingent, which fled back to Philomelion. The disaster overwhelmed Mas'ud, who withdrew quickly from Philomelion in disorder