Emperor Manuel I Komnenos E / L XII
Μανουὴλ Κομνηνός (BBÖ I.29, Varzos 81-I.422, Seyrig 8) (Manuel 1)
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Narrative (428) 1118 Certainty: 2 Birth of Manuel (I) Certainty: 2 1122 Certainty: 2 Ioannes II appointed his son Alexios co-emperor, & his other three sons sebastokrators Certainty: 2 1130 Certainty: 1 Manuel (I) saw a vision of the Theotokos offering him purple buskins, & other omens At the age of twelve, Munuel (I) was reported to have seen the Theotokos offering him the imperial purple buskins, which he accepted eagerly. He was soon disappointed when he realised that she was a vision: but he saw other heavenly portents as well, including a shooting star 1133 Certainty: 2 In the triumph for Kastamon, only an icon of the Theotokos rode in the chariot Certainty: 2 1135 Certainty: 3 Ioannes II was praised in Christmas hymns for recovering Kastamon & Gangra Certainty: 3 1136 Certainty: 3 Epiphany hymns (probably of this year) with polychronia for Ioannes II & his sons Certainty: 3 1139 Certainty: 2 Celebrations after the return of Ioannes II from Syria & Cilicia Certainty: 2 1140 Certainty: 2 Ioannes II praised his son, Manuel (I), for bravery but thrashed him for rashness Certainty: 2 1141 Certainty: 1 Fragmentary text (by Basilakes?) mentions naval activity against Sicily Certainty: 1 1142 Certainty: 2 Ioannes II planned a "portion" in the south for his son Manuel (I) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Bertha von Sulzbach on arrival spoke prophetically about Alexios the co-emperor Bertha von Sulzbach, close kin of the King of Germany Conrad III, was welcomed to Constantinople as fiancée of Manuel (I). The whole imperial party was away in Isauria: Bertha was asked to judge from the magnificence of her reception the glories of the wedding which would occur when the emperors returned. Conrad III, Ioannes II and Manuel (I) were all called in their absence to take part in the ceremonies. Bertha was welcomed by splendidly-dressed Byzantine princesses, one of them Katae (Eudokia), daughter of Demetrios I of Georgia, second wife of the co-emperor Alexios, wearing the appropriate dark robe. Bertha saw her as a nun - an ill omen for Alexios, who was soon to die on campaign Certainty: 2 Determination of Ioannes II to continue his campaign to Antioch & visit Jerusalem Certainty: 2 1143 Certainty: 3 Mortal injury of Ioannes II when hunting Certainty: 3 Certainty: 3 Deathbed speech of Ioannes II, bequeathing the throne to Manuel (I) Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Accession of Manuel I Komnenos Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Ioannes II's body was loaded on shipboard at Mopsuestia & buried splendidly in the Pantokrator Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I discouraged the Antiochenes & marched home through Turkish territory Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Capture of Andronikos (I) Komnenos & Theodoros Dasiotes Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Dismay at the death of Ioannes II with the army so far from the capital Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I's agents imprisoned his brother Isaakios & conciliated others Ioannes Axouch (with Basileios Tzintziloukes) travelled to Constantinople from Mamistra with great speed. There he found Manuel's brother Isaakios still ignorant of events, and imprisoned him by a trick in the Pantokrator monastery. Isaakios soon understood what was happening, and was furious, but powerless. He supported his rights, based on the principle of primogeniture, claiming to be the rightful emperor. But his advantages in age and location, being in the palace with its resources of money and vestments, had been neutralised, though he was still a threat. William of Tyre wrote of secret orders sent to a mystikos, who was able to imprison Isaakios, although in this version he had heard of Ioannes II's death and seized the palace. Manuel also sent decrees condemning some of his own closest adherents for treason, to confuse Isaakios. After dealing with him, Axouch had Manuel acclaimed by the citizens of the capital. He also gave the clergy of Hagia Sophia a chrysobull promising an annual donation of 200 pounds of silver; he was said to be carrying a second chrysobull for the clergy offering 200 pounds of gold, in case the situation was difficult. Axouch decided that silver was enough. He then prepared for Manuel's arrival Certainty: 3 Manuel I entered Constantinople Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Later epitaph for Ioannes II recording the succession of Manuel I Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I was conciliatory both to Isaakios (his uncle) & Isaakios (his brother) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I appointed Michael Kourkouas as patriarch, & was crowned by him Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Roger II again asked for a Byzantine bride for his son, bribed the Byzantine ambassador, but failed Certainty: 2 1144 Certainty: 2 A successful expedition was sent under 4 generals to take revenge on Raymond of Antioch Certainty: 2 1145 Certainty: 3 Manuel I confirmed grants of paroikoi to Theologos of Patmos & to its other properties Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Raymond was forced to supplicate Ioannes II's tomb before Manuel forgave him Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Raymond saw Manuel riding with heavy weapons & a flag, & suspected a trick Certainty: 2 1146 Certainty: 2 Despite the death of his eldest sister Maria, Manuel fortified Melangeia, to stop Turkish attacks on Bithynia Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Violent quarrel among Komnenian family members at Metabole In a meeting of the inner circle of the Komnenian family at Metabole, Ioannes Axouch made a speech at dinner contrasting Ioannes II and Manuel I. [Axouch is not directly given a urname, but a good case has been made that it was he.] Against the usual pattern of encomia, the dead father was given preference over his living son. Manuel, who was strong in filial piety, was not at all annoyed at the preference, but did feel that some particular criticisms of himself were too biting. They were taken up by Manuel's brother Isaakios, who exaggerated them still further. Andronikos, the future emperor, at this point insulted Isaakios, who in his usual irascible way tried to decapitate Andronikos. The blow might have succeeded had not Ioannes Doukas [probably the son of Anna Komnene] diverted it with his riding-crop on to Andronikos' jaw, with the help of Manuel I himself, who was slightly wounded and left with a small scar on his wrist. As a result, Isaakios was banished from the court for some days, while Axouch lost some of the seals which gave him power over finances Certainty: 2 Manuel I married Bertha von Sulzbach (Eirene) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel's successful raid from Lopadion could not prevent a major Turkish invasion of Thrakesion Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Tzetzes wrote a petition to Manuel I in favour of Kosmas II Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Angry at Turkish aggression, Manuel challenged the Sultan of Ikonion: the challenge was accepted Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I made a bold attack on the sultan at Ikonion (general factoids) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel routed near Akrounos a Turkish detachment sent against him: the Sultan quickly fled Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel captured & destroyed Philomelion, releasing long-term Byzantine prisoners Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Another Byzantine victory opened the road to Ikonion Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel won by guile a hard-fought battle near Ikonion Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Inspection of Ikonion showed a long siege would be needed: knowing of the crusade, Manuel withdrew Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel sent a challenge to the sultan for the next year & a letter to his wife Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The major battle of Tzibrelitzemani: Manuel's first moves Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Tzibrelitzemani: the battle becomes chaotic Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Tzibrelitzemani: second & third days Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel communicated again with Mas'ud Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 To reach safety, Manuel still had to fight a Turcoman tribe in the Maiander valley Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel was wounded in the heel by a Turkish archer, whom he heroically captured Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel settled prisoners from Philomelion in a fort at Pylai, then returned to Constantinople Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Louis VII's diplomatic preparations for the Crusade Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I received ambassadors making requests for the Second Crusade, which he granted Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Congratulations for Manuel I on his first campaign against the Turks Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel's chief ministers: Ioannes of Poutze, Ioannes Hagiotheodorites & Theodoros Stypeiotes Certainty: 2 1147 Certainty: 2 Condemnation of the preacher Niphon led to accusations against the patriarch Kosmas II Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 A council in the Blachernai palace deposed the patriarch Kosmas II Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Manuel's preparations against Ikonion were diverted by Mas'ud's concessions Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel sent ambassadors to Conrad III & his army as they passed the Hungarian border Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel sent various envoys & commanders to regulate the crusaders & check their excesses Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Louis VII at Ratisbon & the Byzantine ambassadors Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Defensive preparations made at Constantinople in advance of the arrival of the crusaders Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The French met the Byzantines: Odo of Deuil documented Greek treachery Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Conrad suffered major losses in a flood at Choirobakchoi, but remained intransigent Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Roger II of Sicily raided Central Greece during the Second Crusade Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 After a Byzantine victory in a skirmish, Conrad was induced to cross to Asia Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Refusal of French advance party to follow the Germans Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Other early French arrivals fought Byzantine troops, so as to stay near the capital Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Conrad refused Manuel's offer of alliance, but accepted gifts & guides & left (Kinnamos) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Louis was royally entertained by the Byzantines & his men well fed Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Byzantine trickery made Louis VII cross the straits to Asia Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The French & the Byzantine money-changers Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The disastrous defeat of Conrad III (William of Tyre) Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Louis VII accepted a Byzantine alliance & departed Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Significance of the treaty - & of an eclipse of the sun Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Praise of Manuel for defeating leaders of the Second Crusade Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Nikolaos Mouzalon was promoted patriarch Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Louis VII & Conrad III advanced down the coast, spending Christmas near Ephesos Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Conrad III decided to return from Ephesos to Constantinople Certainty: 2 1148 Certainty: 3 Victory of Louis VII at the Maiander Certainty: 3 Certainty: 3 Conrad III met Manuel I in Thrace & wintered in Constantinople Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Leaders of the Second Crusade reassembled in Jerusalem Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel sent a large punitive fleet to Sicily & marched himself: but he had to face a Cuman invasion Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel ordered ships for the Danube & went hunting: but criticism from a ferryman stung him Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel crossed rivers on pontoons, caught the Cumans & defeated them, recovering the booty Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Death of Manuel Anemas; consolation for his grieving widow Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Conrad III met Manuel I again on his return, confirming promise of a dowry for his wife Bertha-Eirene Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Manuel marched on towards Italy, but the fleet arrived too late for crossing, so he wintered in Veroia Certainty: 3 1149Stephanos Kontostephanos besieged Kerkyra but was mortally wounded by a stone Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Ioannes Axouch at Kerkyra faced Byzantine-Venetian quarrels, so Manuel took charge Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Chouroup repelled a Sicilian raid: 40 ships reached the Bosphoros but were beaten off Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The King of France successfully petitioned Manuel for the return of captured men & baggage Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 After clever tactics & heroic deeds by Manuel, Kerkyra eventually surrendered Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Total failure in attempted invasion of Italy Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The Sicilian coalition against Manuel included Germans, Serbs, Hungarians, Seljuks & Danishmends Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 The Serbian zupan had rebelled: Manuel twice ravaged Serbia, but the zupan fled before him Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Manuel returned in triumph to Constantinople for the winter Certainty: 3 Certainty: 3 Manuel I was praised in two sets of Christmas hymns for his Serbian campaign Certainty: 3 1150 Certainty: 2 Manuel was praised in a set of 1150 Epiphany hymns for the successes of 1149 Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Reactions to the disappearance of Joscelin II of Edessa Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Tzetzes sent greetings to the imperial doctor Basileios Megistos, discrediting an embassy to Sicily Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Negotiations to save the remains of the county of Edessa Certainty: 2 Manuel advanced from Nis against Hungarian-Serbian allies Certainty: 3 Manuel showed great personal bravery in winning a confused battle on the Tara Certainty: 2 Manuel accepted submission of zupan of Serbia then returned to Constantinople Certainty: 2 Manuel attacked & pillaged Hungary, crossing the Sava in a hollowed canoe & towing his horse Certainty: 2 Manuel's numerous prisoners depopulated the "island" between Danube & Sava: he captured Zeugminon Certainty: 2 Manuel crossed the Sava against the army of the ban Belus, who soon withdrew Certainty: 2 Boris was successful & crossed the Danube at night laden with booty, lit by Manuel's torches Certainty: 2 Manuel stayed by the Danube to strengthen cities there against Geza II Certainty: 2 Geza feared another defeat & sued for peace; Manuel returned to Constantinople to celebrate a triumph Certainty: 2 1151Manuel heard that Geza planned an attack, & rushed to the Danube: a time of inactivity followed Certainty: 2 Manuel built light boats; Geza exchanged peace & submission for some of the prisoners lost in 1150 Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Theodotos II appointed patriarch to replace Nikolaos Mouzalon Certainty: 2 1152Manuel I granted tax exemptions & ordered praktikon for Theotokos Eleousa Certainty: 3 Manuel I & Eirene produced their first child, Maria Komnene Certainty: 2 1153Geza II revolted briefly, but was immediately overawed by Manuel's approach & sued for peace Certainty: 2 Andronikos (I), after failure in Cilicia, was appointed doux of Nis & Branicevo, with Kastoria also Certainty: 2 From Nis, Andronikos (I) began to conspire with Frederick Barbarossa & Geza II Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Christmas Gospel teaching given by Georgios Tornikes when his successor was away Certainty: 3 1154Ioannes the protosebastos, gored by a boar, was treated by Manuel but obsessively hated by Andronikos Certainty: 2 Andronikos (I) was sent back to Constantinople & imprisoned in the palace Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Death of Roger II of Sicily: friendly overtures to Manuel from his successor, William I, were rejected Certainty: 2 Manuel, asked to adjudicate, chose Ouresis over Dese to rule Serbia Certainty: 2 Geza II, before hearing of Andronikos' imprisonment, attacked Branicevo with many allies Certainty: 2 Tzinziloukes & Istvan, by mistake, attacked the main Hungarian army & were nearly wiped out Certainty: 2 Ioannes Kantakouzenos rallied the remnants of the Byzantine army & restored order in Belgrade Certainty: 2 1155Manuel led large forces against Hungary, making Geza sue for peace; Manuel eventually agreed Certainty: 2 Diplomatic preliminaries to the Italian expedition Certainty: 2 1156Further successes in Italy, despite death of Michael Palaiologos Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Georgios Tornikes wrote to Alexios Aristenos, despairing of his diocese but just as worried over heresy Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Manuel I told the pope, via Tornikes, that he supported church union but stressed the importance of Constantinople Certainty: 2 Demands from Byzantine commanders for more forces. Siege of Brindisi Certainty: 2 Kilic Arslan II, Toros & Yaghi-Basan captured many cities in the east Certainty: 2 1157Alexios Axouchos, sent with money to recover affairs in Italy, achieved considerable success Certainty: 2 Manuel complained of attitudes of Byzantine prisoners in Sicily, then made a treaty with William I Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 A council in the Blachernai palace deposed Soterichos Panteugenos Certainty: 3 1158 Certainty: 2 Manuel issued a chrysobull in favour of monasteries Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Manuel I confirmed privileges & granted protection to Theologos of Patmos Certainty: 3 Manuel I set out to Cilicia to punish Toros & Reynaud of Chatillon Certainty: 3 Manuel tried unsuccessfully to capture Toros by surprise Certainty: 2 Manuel captured Cilicia, including Tarsos & Anabarzos, without a battle Certainty: 2 1159Manuel eventually agreed to public humiliation of Reynaud before a wide range of ambassadors Certainty: 2 Elaborate (maybe imaginary) description of the humiliation of Reynaud & Toros in Manuel's camp Certainty: 2 Manuel received Baldwin III of Jerusalem coolly, then let him intercede for the Antiochenes & Toros Certainty: 2 Manuel received Toros, blinded Theodoros Stypeiotes & was reconciled to Georgios Pyrrogeorgios Certainty: 2 Manuel insisted on triumphal entry to Antioch, supported by Latins, & stayed in the palace for 8 days Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Manuel's attack on Nur al-Din was halted by an offer of alliance & a massive release of prisoners Certainty: 2 Manuel I confirmed earlier chrysobulls of Theotokos Eleousa Certainty: 3 Manuel was attacked by Turks when hunting, but he kept the alliance because of bad news from home Certainty: 2 Baldwin suffered a broken arm following Manuel in the hunt, then was impressed by his medical skill Certainty: 2 Manuel took the direct route home, despite opposition from Kilic Arslan, & celebrated a triumph Certainty: 2 For revenge, Manuel arranged for a concerted attack by each Byzantine commander on his nearby Turks Certainty: 2 He moved from Thrace to pillage Dorylaion, then used imperial trumpets from hilltops to strike terror Certainty: 3 He defeated the Turks showing great personal heroism, then returned to Constantinople Certainty: 3 1160Manuel met Kilic Arslan's envoys at Pylai, dismissed them & attacked immediately Certainty: 2 Manuel achieved further surprise by marching at night with cressets, & pillaged widely Certainty: 2 Turks sent a spy to check Manuel's identity: he called this cowardice Certainty: 2 Manuel made his way home through a narrow defile with great courage Certainty: 2 Annual donation to Theotokos Eleousa established by Manuel I Certainty: 3 Turkish retaliation at Phileta & Laodikeia was damaging, driving Manuel to extreme measures Certainty: 2 Manuel mobilised fully against Kilic Arslan, summoning all those who had sworn military help Certainty: 2 1161Peace made with the Turks, who promised troops, cessation of raids & restitution of all conquests Certainty: 2 Manuel crossed to Thrace to meet a Cuman invasion, but they immediately withdrew Certainty: 2 Manuel was forced by a false alarm from the West to leave his dead wife & dying second daughter Certainty: 2 Manuel at Sardike faced complex problems of succession at Geza II's death Certainty: 2 Manuel went to Philippopolis to settle Serbian leadership, deposing Primislav in favour of Belouses Certainty: 2 Manuel entertained Kilic Arslan in Constantinople for 80 days, a triumph for Byzantium Certainty: 2 Manuel I married Maria of Antioch in Hagia Sophia with great splendour Certainty: 3 Grant of 30 paroikoi at Chostiane (Moglena) to Lavra by Manuel I Certainty: 1 1162 Certainty: 3 Manuel I ordered investigation of a dispute over Lavra's property at Archontochorion Certainty: 3 Hungarians deposed Istvan IV: Manuel twice sent Alexios Kontostephanos to reinstate him Certainty: 2 Manuel had to intervene again in Serbia, since Dese proved unsatisfactory Certainty: 2 Dese, adding to his sins, was first imprisoned in Nis, then in the palace in Constantinople Certainty: 2 Manuel, seeing the Hungarians had reinstalled Istvan III for the unpopular Istvan IV, turned to Bela Certainty: 2 Manuel brought Bela of Hungary to Constantinople, to affiance him to his daughter Maria Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Solution by Ioannes Kontostephanos of the dispute over Lavra's property of Archontochorion Certainty: 3 1163Amalric wrote to Manuel, seeking, among other things, a Byzantine bride: a girl was later provided Certainty: 2 1164Konstantinos Kalamanos, attacked by Nur al-Din, defeated him but lost the victory by rashness Certainty: 2 Manuel, distressed at successes of Nur al-Din, was stopped from personal intervention by Hungarian crisis Certainty: 2 Manuel wrote to Istvan III, complaining of seizure of Bela's lands & treatment of Istvan IV Certainty: 2 Manuel was welcomed to Hungary by the Hungarian populace, & saved a boat in crossing the Danube Certainty: 2 Manuel prepared for battle with Istvan III, while testing the resolve of his Czech ally Certainty: 2 Manuel accepted Istvan III's terms, restoring land to Bela but sidelining Istvan IV Certainty: 2 First Nikephoros Chalouphes, then Michael Gabras were left to protect Sirmion & Istvan IV Certainty: 2 Manuel restored the arm of the martyr Prokopios from Sirmion to Nis Certainty: 2 1165 Certainty: 2 Istvan III again took Sirmion & attacked Zeugminon, having Istvan IV murdered Certainty: 2 Manuel sent another Manuel Komnenos as ambassador to Russian princes Certainty: 2 Manuel sent an army under prominent commanders with a Danube fleet to relieve Zeugminon Certainty: 2 Despite illness of empress, Manuel reached the Danube, crossing by a ruse & personal example Certainty: 2 Careful siege of Zeugminon by Manuel, balancing maintenance of siege with defence against relief force Certainty: 2 Manuel refused surrender of Zeugminon by zupans - though later they were imprisoned, not executed Certainty: 2 Andronikos (I) returned from Russia & was accepted in time to fight in the siege Certainty: 2 Manuel resettled Hungarians from Zeugminon, eventually made peace & returned home Certainty: 2 Manuel celebrated a triumph from the Akropolis to Hagia Sophia, not using the solid gold chariot Certainty: 2 Manuel bound the birth of a male child to his theological rectitude: Alexios (II) was born soon after Certainty: 2 Demetrios of Lampe stirred up the controversy over John 14.28 Certainty: 2 Stone from the ruins of Zeugminon used to fortify Belgrade (a kind of revenge) Certainty: 1 Soon after, an anticipatory march from Manuel forestalled another Hungarian outbreak Certainty: 1 1166After the death of William I of Sicily, Manuel kept the peace, refusing aid to help his brother usurp Certainty: 2 Manuel introduced a system to avoid delays to the courts caused by saints' days & holidays Certainty: 3 Andronikos (I) was sent to solve problems in Cilicia, with extra revenue from Cypriot taxes Certainty: 2 Church council on Christ's words, "My father is greater than I": sessions in early March Certainty: 3 Council of 1166: sessions from mid-March till May Certainty: 3 Manuel made a complex, three-pronged attack to teach the Hungarians a lesson Certainty: 2 Further evidence on the Danube of the treachery of Alexios Axouchos Certainty: 2 Heinrich of Austria's peace mission to Sardike & marriage diplomacy in Hungary Certainty: 2 Manuel used varied diplomacy against Frederick Barbarossa, especially Nikephoros Chalouphes in Venice Certainty: 1 1167Manuel's polo accident & convalescence Certainty: 2 Arrest, interrogation & punishment of Alexios Axouchos Certainty: 2 Preparations for Hungarian campaign, under Manuel's instructions Certainty: 2 Certainty: 3 Synod at Ephesos to publicise the results of the Council of 1166 Certainty: 3 1169Transport from Ephesos to Constantinople of the stone of Christ's Deposition: ceremonial reception Certainty: 2 Andronikos Kontostephanos' unsuccessful Egyptian expedition, with poor collaboration from Amalric I Certainty: 3 1170 Certainty: 3 Manuel held a second council on John 14.28, to solve problems remaining from 1166 Certainty: 3 Certainty: 2 Venetians in Constantinople destroyed Genoese property & refused to make restitution Certainty: 2 1171Manuel by concerted action arrested all Venetians in the empire Certainty: 3 Amalric I of Jerusalem visited Constantinople, made petitions, & left having sworn subjection Certainty: 3 1172Venetian reprisals in Euboea, Chios & Lesbos did not go well: Manuel mocked them Certainty: 2 Aaron the akolouthos revealed Manuel's plan for counter-reprisals, which thus also failed Certainty: 2 Visit to Constantinople of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony Certainty: 2 Manuel stopped rebellion of Serb zupan Dese; Dese's theatrical repentance was eventually accepted Certainty: 2 1173German attack on Ancona beaten off with the aid of Manuel's ally Aldruda Frangipane Certainty: 2 Certainty: 2 Common front of eastern enemies brought Manuel from the west to Philadelphia: his threats worked Certainty: 2 Manuel himself (not the asekretis) composed the speech for the silention Certainty: 0 1174Kilic Arslan refused to hand over conquered cities while Manuel was busy in the West Certainty: 2 Manuel turned east, sending garrisons for cities to be handed back; but there were still none Certainty: 2 1175Manuel postponed punitive action against Kilic Arslan, in favour of building & of acquiring Amaseia Certainty: 2 Treason & punishment of Manuel Kantakouzenos Certainty: 2 Rebuilding of Dorylaion Certainty: 2 Failed mission of Shahan-Shah to areas east of Ikonion Certainty: 2 Brutality of Ishaq-Michael Certainty: 2 Trial & punishment of Michael Gabras Certainty: 2 Fruitless mission to Manuel of Kilic Arslan's nobleman Gabras Certainty: 2 1176Before leaving Constantinople, Manuel sent 150 ships against Egypt, manning them with difficulty Certainty: 2 As Neokaisareia wanted to defect to Manuel, he sent Andronikos Batatzes there Certainty: 2 Manuel assembled his forces at Ryndakos - but late, delayed by late arrival of Hungarians & Serbs Certainty: 2 Manuel marched through Laodikeia & Maiander valley to settle down to siege of Ikonion Certainty: 2 Foreshadowing of Myriokephalon Certainty: 2 Defeat of Manuel I at Tziblimane (battle of Myriokephalon) Certainty: 3 1180Alexios betrothed to Agnes of France Certainty: 3 Unassigned Activities Authorship (1) He had returned to Constantinople, making it essential for Georgios 25002 to come to the capital to lobby him Tornikes, Georgios 158.22-23, 161.4-6 Death (2) Description (31) Dignity/Office (37) Education (2) Second Name (5) Kinship (99) Location (197) Occupation/Vocation (1) Alternative Name (1)